Historical Linguistics - Research Articles

Basque as a Language Isolate: Evidence, Hypotheses, and the Limits of Genetic Classification

2025-12-18Andrew Cutler

#Historical Linguistics #Language Isolates #Basque Studies

A vast, interconnected wireframe network diagram representing global language families. At the center, 'EUSKARA' pulses, prominently isolated. Dotted, …

A technical, linguist-oriented survey of Basque’s isolate status, proposed relatives, substratum hypotheses, and what evidence would count as proof of genetic affiliation.

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Sumerian as a Language Isolate: Evidence, Contact, Substrata, and the Limits of Comparison

2025-12-18Andrew Cutler

#Historical Linguistics #Assyriology #Language Contact

A complex wireframe diagram of a phylogenetic tree, its branches broken and fading into static, with a central node labeled 'SUMERIAN'. Below it, a …

A technical survey of why Sumerian remains unclassified, what it resembles typologically, and how contact, substratum, and scribal transmission shape the evidence.

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