An expanded survey of every known Christian-Gnostic current that equated Jesus with the Edenic serpent, complete with extended primary-source excerpts.
Gnosticism - Research Articles
Light-Poison, Eucharistic Toxikon & Cosmic Venom: three ophidian tropes unpacked
Close reading of Manichaean, Ophite and Naassene passages that speak of Christ-as-Serpent in pharmacological terms.
The ‘Venom’ Motif in Serpent-Christ Traditions
Do Gnostic writers ever speak of Christ’s serpent as literally poisonous—or as an antidote? A source-by-source audit.